{"id":2568,"date":"2015-06-19T04:59:47","date_gmt":"2015-06-19T02:59:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scuolaromit.it\/articoli\/?p=566"},"modified":"2021-04-01T12:45:03","modified_gmt":"2021-04-01T10:45:03","slug":"mientras-aprendes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scuolaromit.com\/es\/mientras-aprendes\/","title":{"rendered":"Mientras aprendes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Para expresar acciones que se producen al mismo tiempo, de manera expl\u00edcita, la lengua italiana<\/a> utiliza dos importantes conjunciones: la m\u00e1s extendida es, sin duda, <\/span>quando <\/i><\/span>(cuando) seguida de <\/span>mentre <\/i><\/span>(mientras). Esta \u00faltima, tal vez debido a su versatilidad \u2013 que veremos en breve -, siempre suscita varias cuestiones sobre sus posibilidades de uso. De todas formas, sigue siendo una de las palabras m\u00e1s comunes del lenguaje cotidiano<\/strong> y, por esta misma raz\u00f3n, es importante comprender bien su origen y su significado.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"studiare<\/p>\n

La etimolog\u00eda de <\/span>mentre<\/i><\/span> se encuentra en la expresi\u00f3n latina <\/span>dum interim<\/i><\/span>, que el italiano antiguo se ha unido en una palabra \u00fanica (pensamos en las antiguas formas <\/span>domentre <\/i><\/span>o <\/span>dummentre<\/i><\/span>). <\/span>Dum<\/i><\/span> es un elemento invariable que, en lat\u00edn, identifica el contexto temporal al que se refiere el discurso. <\/span>Interim<\/i><\/span>, sin embargo, se compone por <\/span>inter<\/i><\/span>, que literalmente significa entre, e <\/span>im<\/i><\/span>, que significa \u201ceso\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/span>Mentre<\/i><\/span><\/strong>, entonces, se podr\u00eda interpretar como la forma abreviada de \u201cen el medio\u201d<\/strong>, a la cual se le a\u00f1ade un marcado significado temporal, que la diferencia de otros t\u00e9rminos similares. El mismo origen etimol\u00f3gico, de hecho, se encuentra en la palabra <\/span>dentro<\/i><\/span>, derivada de la expresi\u00f3n <\/span>ad interim<\/i><\/span>. Pero en este caso, la preposici\u00f3n <\/span>ad<\/i><\/span> indica claramente el contexto espacial, m\u00e1s que temporal, y diferencia fuertemente las palabras <\/span>mentre<\/i><\/span> y <\/span>dentro<\/i><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n


\nAntiguamente, en esta expresi\u00f3n, se utilizaba la palabra <\/span>che<\/i><\/span>, creando la forma <\/span>mentre che<\/i><\/span>, a\u00fan en uso hoy en d\u00eda, cada vez con menor frecuencia. Hoy en d\u00eda, esta forma es perfectamente l\u00edcita y aceptada por la lengua italiana, pero se la percibe como una variante literaria o t\u00edpica en algunas regiones. Con lo cual, en el lenguaje actual se prefiere la forma sencilla de <\/span>mentre, <\/i><\/span>con respeto a <\/span>mentre che<\/i><\/span>, debido a que parece menos antigua y popular.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"studio<\/p>\n

Los matices de significado de <\/span>mentre<\/i><\/span><\/strong> pueden ser diferentes<\/strong>. Su origen, como hemos visto, es para expresar el concepto de contemporaneidad (p.e., <\/span>non devi distrarti mentre studi,<\/i><\/span> \u201cno te debes distraer mientras estudias\u201d), pero hay alguna excepci\u00f3n. De hecho, se puede expresar la contemporaneidad en una duraci\u00f3n precisa, con el sentido de \u201cpor todo el tiempo que\u201d, sustituyendo la conjunci\u00f3n <\/span>finch\u00e9 <\/i><\/span>(mientras). Se trata de un uso siempre menos frecuente, pero a\u00fan activo (p.e., <\/span>mentre io sar\u00f2 qui tu non potrai parlare<\/i><\/span>, \u201cmientras que yo estar\u00e9 aqu\u00ed, tu no podr\u00e1s hablar\u201d, con el significado de que \u201cpor todo el tiempo que yo estar\u00e9 aqu\u00ed, tu no podr\u00e1s hablar\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n

El otro significado importante de <\/span>mentre<\/i><\/span> es el uso adversativo, en el que puede remplazar o reforzar <\/span>invece<\/i><\/span>. Este uso es \u00fanicamente moderno (p.e., <\/span>tutti lo accusano, mentre lui ha ragione<\/i><\/span>, \u201ctodo el mundo lo acusa, pero \u00e9l tiene raz\u00f3n\u201d), y no tiene ninguna conexi\u00f3n con el italiano antiguo, que sin embargo prefer\u00eda expresiones como <\/span>laddove<\/i><\/span> (mientras).<\/span><\/p>\n

Un \u00faltimo uso de esta conjunci\u00f3n tiene un origen m\u00e1s antiguo (las primeras pruebas remontan al siglo XIV), y es de tipo sustantivo<\/strong>. Esto significa que su papel pasa de ser una herramienta funcional de expresi\u00f3n, a expresar una entidad separada en el mismo discurso. Un ejemplo es: <\/span>lo spettacolo era terminato ed il pubblico applaudiva. In quel mentre, dietro le quinte, tutti stavano zitti <\/i><\/span>(\u201cel espect\u00e1culo hab\u00eda terminado y el p\u00fablico aplaud\u00eda. En ese momento, entre bambalinas, todo el mundo estaba en silencio\u201d). El sentido aqu\u00ed es \u201cal mismo tiempo\u201d en el que el p\u00fablico aplaude, todo el mundo entre bambalinas est\u00e1 en silencio. <\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Su uso se percibe una vez m\u00e1s como muy informal, pero antiguamente tuvo un valor literario muy alto, ofreciendo una forma muy elegante para describir un momento en el cual ocurren dos eventos contempor\u00e1neos.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Para expresar acciones que se producen al mismo tiempo, de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":388,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,54,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articulos-es","category-blog-es","category-sin-categorizar"],"yoast_head":"\nMientras aprendes – Scuola Romit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scuolaromit.com\/es\/mientras-aprendes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mientras aprendes – Scuola Romit\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Para expresar acciones que se producen al mismo tiempo, 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